This script takes an IP address in CIDR format (192.168.33.55/24) and will return the Subnet ID, First Host IP Address, Last Host IP Address, and the Broadcast Address. It does require the ConvertTo-CmnIpAddress, and New-CmnLogEntry functions. All can be found on the Github site.
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Function Get-CmnIpRange { <# .SYNOPSIS Takes in an IP address in CIDR format and returns the subnet, first IP address, last IP address, and broadcast address .DESCRIPTION Takes in an IP address in CIDR format and returns the subnet, minimum IP address, maximum IP address, and broadcast address. This function also needs ConvertTo-CmnIpAddress, and New-CmnLogEntry functions .PARAMETER subnet This is the IP address in CIDR format (eg 192.168.23.55/20) .PARAMETER logFile File for writing logs to (default is C:\Windows\Temp\Error.log). .PARAMETER logEntries Set to $true to write to the log file. Otherwise, it will just be write-verbose (default is $false). .PARAMETER maxLogSize Max size for the log (default is 5MB). .PARAMETER maxLogHistory Specifies the number of history log files to keep (default is 5). .EXAMPLE Get-CmnIpRange -subnet '192.168.23.55/20' Returns: Subnet Broadcast Min Max ------ --------- --- --- 192.168.16.0 192.168.31.255 192.168.16.1 192.168.31.254 .LINK http://configman-notes.com .NOTES Author: Jim Parris Email: Jim@ConfigMan-Notes.com PSVer: 3.0 Version: 1.0.0 Date: yyyy-mm-dd Updated: #> [CmdletBinding(ConfirmImpact = 'Low')] Param( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $true, HelpMessage = 'IP Subnet (using CIDR) to get range of')] [ValidatePattern('^(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)/\d{1,2}$')] [String]$subnet, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, HelpMessage = 'File for writing logs to (default is C:\Windows\Temp\Error.log).')] [String]$logFile = 'C:\Windows\Temp\Error.log', [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, HelpMessage = 'Set to $true to write to the log file. Otherwise, it will just be write-verbose (default is $false).')] [Boolean]$logEntries = $false, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, HelpMessage = 'Max size for the log (default is 5MB).')] [Int]$maxLogSize = 5242880, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, HelpMessage = 'Specifies the number of history log files to keep (default is 5).')] [Int]$maxLogHistory = 5 ) begin { #Build splat for log entries $NewLogEntry = @{ LogFile = $logFile; Component = 'Get-CmnIpRange'; logEntries = $logEntries; maxLogSize = $maxLogSize; maxLogHistory = $maxLogHistory; } # Create a hashtable with your output info $returnHashTable = @{ } # Log variables New-CmnLogEntry -entry 'Starting Function' -type 1 @NewLogEntry New-CmnLogEntry -entry "subnet = $subnet" -type 1 @NewLogEntry New-CmnLogEntry -entry "logFile = $logFile" -type 1 @NewLogEntry New-CmnLogEntry -entry "logEntries = $logEntries" -type 1 @NewLogEntry New-CmnLogEntry -entry "maxLogSize = $maxLogSize" -type 1 @NewLogEntry New-CmnLogEntry -entry "maxLogHistory = $maxLogHistory" -type 1 @NewLogEntry } process { New-CmnLogEntry -entry 'Beginning process loop' -type 1 @NewLogEntry #Split IP and subnet $IP = ($Subnet -split "\/")[0] $SubnetBits = ($Subnet -split "\/")[1] #Convert IP into binary. I know there are other ways to do this, but this is more fun! #Split IP into different octects and for each one, figure out the binary with leading zeros and add to the total New-CmnLogEntry -entry "Converting $IP into binary." -type 1 @NewLogEntry $Octets = $IP -split "\." $IPInBinary = @() foreach ($Octet in $Octets) { #convert to binary $OctetInBinary = [convert]::ToString($Octet, 2) #get length of binary string add leading zeros to make octet $OctetInBinary = ("0" * (8 - ($OctetInBinary).Length) + $OctetInBinary) $IPInBinary = $IPInBinary + $OctetInBinary New-CmnLogEntry -entry "$Octet = $OctetInBinary" -type 1 @NewLogEntry } # Now, we have an array of 4 elements, each with 8 bits. Let's make them on 32 bit value $IPInBinary = $IPInBinary -join "" New-CmnLogEntry -entry "$IP in binary is $IPInBinary" -type 1 @NewLogEntry New-CmnLogEntry -entry 'Time to get subnet value' -type 1 @NewLogEntry $HostBits = 32 - $SubnetBits # Now, we know how may bits are subnet, let's figure out how many of our IP address are in the network portion $NetworkIDInBinary = $IPInBinary.Substring(0, $SubnetBits) $HostIDInBinary = $IPInBinary.Substring($SubnetBits, $HostBits) $HostIDInBinary = $HostIDInBinary -replace "1", "0" # Work out all the host IDs in that subnet by cycling through $i from 1 up to max $HostIDInBinary (i.e. 1s stringed up to $HostBits) $iSubnet = [convert]::ToInt32($HostIDInBinary, 2) $iSubnetHostBinary = [convert]::toString($iSubnet, 2) $iSubnetInBinary = "$NetworkIDInBinary$("0" * ($HostIDInBinary.Length - $iSubnetHostBinary.Length) + $iSubnetHostBinary)" # Let's log the subnet New-CmnLogEntry -entry "Subnet in binary is $iSubnetInBinary" -type 1 @NewLogEntry $imin = [convert]::ToInt32($HostIDInBinary, 2) + 1 $iMinHostBinary = [convert]::ToString($imin, 2) $iMinInBinary = "$NetworkIDInBinary$("0" * ($HostIDInBinary.Length - $iMinHostBinary.Length) + $iMinHostBinary)" # Let's log the first host address New-CmnLogEntry -entry "First Host Address in binary is $iMinInBinary" -type 1 @NewLogEntry $imax = [convert]::ToInt32(("1" * $HostBits), 2) - 1 $iMaxHostBinary = [Convert]::ToString($imax, 2) $iMaxInBinary = "$NetworkIDInBinary$("0" * ($HostIDInBinary.Length - $iMaxHostBinary.Length) + $iMaxHostBinary)" # Let's log the last host address New-CmnLogEntry -entry "Last Host Address in binary is $iMaxHostBinary" -type 1 @NewLogEntry $iBroadcast = [convert]::ToInt32(("1" * $HostBits), 2) $iBroadcastHostBinary = [Convert]::ToString($iBroadcast, 2) $iBroadcastInBinary = "$NetworkIDInBinary$("0" * ($HostIDInBinary.Length - $iBroadcastHostBinary.Length) + $iBroadcastHostBinary)" # Let's log the broadcast address New-CmnLogEntry -entry "Broadcast Address in binary is $iBroadcastInBinary" -type 1 @NewLogEntry # Time to build the return hash table $returnHashTable.Add('Subnet', (ConvertTo-CmnIpAddress -ipInBinary $iSubnetInBinary -logFIle $logFile -logEntries $logEntries -maxLogSize $maxLogSize -maxLogHistory $maxLogHistory)) $returnHashTable.Add('Min', (ConvertTo-CmnIpAddress -ipInBinary $iMinInBinary -logFIle $logFile -logEntries $logEntries -maxLogSize $maxLogSize -maxLogHistory $maxLogHistory)) $returnHashTable.Add('Max', (ConvertTo-CmnIpAddress -ipInBinary $iMaxInBinary -logFIle $logFile -logEntries $logEntries -maxLogSize $maxLogSize -maxLogHistory $maxLogHistory)) $returnHashTable.Add('Broadcast', (ConvertTo-CmnIpAddress -ipInBinary $iBroadcastInBinary -logFIle $logFile -logEntries $logEntries -maxLogSize $maxLogSize -maxLogHistory $maxLogHistory)) } End { # Done! Log the results and return $obj = New-Object -TypeName PSObject -Property $returnHashTable $obj.PSObject.TypeNames.Insert(0, 'CMN.IpRange') New-CmnLogEntry -entry "Returning $obj" -type 1 @NewLogEntry New-CmnLogEntry -entry 'Completing Function' -type 1 @NewLogEntry Return $obj } } #End Get-CmnIpRange |